Philosophical, Psychological, and Historical Perspectives on Altruism
All but buried for most of the twentieth century, the concept of altruism has re-emerged in this last quarter as a focus of intense scholarly inquiry and general public interest. In the wake of increased consciousness of the human potential for destructiveness, both scholars and the general public are seeking interventions which will not only ......
Explains that some of our counterproductive and self-destructive tendencies are the result of humans spending over a million years foraging through the African savannah for food, grubbing for edible roots, and chasing other scavengers away from the kills of abler predators.
The prevalence of conduct disorder in children constitutes a severe and persistent social problem. Conduct disorder - which encompasses antisocial behaviours such as aggressive acts, theft, vandalism, arson, running away, truancy and defying authority - is a common reason for referring children and adolescents for psychological and psychiatric treatment. The newly revised edition of this volume describes the nature of conduct disorder, incorporating the most important findings since the publication of the original. The author draws on current research and clinical work from a variety of fields to explore such topics as: psychiatric diagnosis; child-rearing practices; parent psychopathology; sex differences in development; interactions of heredity and environment; risk and protective factors; and treatment and prevention.
Who constitutes the mentally ill who behave violently? Which criminal offenders are disturbed? Using case histories that serve as depictions of disturbed offenders and their offences, this book addresses these and other questions on the relationship between emotional disorders and violence.
At every point in the lifespan, individual differences in a sense of control are strong predictors of motivation, coping and success and failure in a wide range of domains. What are the origins of these individual differences, how do they develop and what are the mechanisms by which they exert such an influence on psychological functioning? To answer these questions, this book draws on theories and research covering key control constructs, including self-efficacy, learned helplessness, locus of control and attribution theory. Skinner also considers such issues as: the origins of control in social interaction; environmental features that promote or undermine control; developmental change in the mechanisms by which experiences of control have effects on action; and the implications for intervening in competence systems - including interventions with people who are in uncontrollable circumstances.
`This book... will be particularly valuable for clinicians interested in child and adolescent depressive disorders, since it includes a lot of material from work with adults that is often hard for such clinicians to assess. A very useful addition to the library' - European Child & Adolescent Psychiatry Leading practitioners and researchers contribute to this volume, which focuses on recent advances in the understanding and treatment of the common psychological difficulties of anxiety and depression. Chapters cover such topics as: self-management theory; unipolar depression; and the assessment and treatment of sexually abused children. With case examples and exercises highlighting important clinical concepts, the volume integrates empirical research with clinical applications.
In 1973, three women and two men were held hostage in a bank in Stockholm by two ex-convicts. This book describes how the hostages and their captors formed a bond (now known as the Stockholm Syndrome); and how survival mechanisms for the women could be seen to mirror those employed in daily life.
Drinking, Smoking, Taking Drugs, Gambling, Sexual Misbehavior and Swearing in American History
Tracing the evolution of each of the bad habits, this title shows how liquor control boards encouraged the consumption of alcohol; how alcoholic beverage producers got their workers deferred from the draft during World War II; and how convenience stores and accounting firms pursued profits by pushing legalized gambling.
The effective integration of traditional psychometric assessment and behavioural assessment, in research as well as in practice, is discussed in this detailed and critical review. The important questions of whether integration can improve the quality of the information collected, strengthen the validity of interpretations and improve reliability are also explored. Systematically examining both literatures, Silva shows how an integration of psychometric principles with behavioural assessment standards can have positive results. Beginning with a review of the origins of behavioural assessment through to current practices, Silva explores the arguments for and against integration. He goes on to discuss the possibility of a normative interpretation of behavioural assessment data and how recent advancements in the psychometric approach to reliability and validity can enhance behavioural assessment.
