This book covers the most practical and common research designs currently used in educational and the social and behavioural sciences. It will improve readers' ability to conceptualize, construct, test, problem solve and acquire knowledge, all of which are characteristics of scientific inquiry and the creative process required when conducting research.
Many adolescents in the United States are at risk from substance abuse, unsafe sexual practices, academic underachievement, crime and violence. What can be done to tackle these growing problems? The author of this thought-provoking book suggests the need to focus on young people's development in relation to specific features of the individual's environmental 'context' such as family, neighbourhood and culture. By effecting changes in these contexts, in the form of community programmes, researchers can test for differences in children's behaviour and development.
Many adolescents in the United States are at risk from substance abuse, unsafe sexual practices, academic underachievement, crime and violence. What can be done to tackle these growing problems? The author of this thought-provoking book suggests the need to focus on young people's development in relation to specific features of the individual's environmental 'context' such as family, neighbourhood and culture. By effecting changes in these contexts, in the form of community programmes, researchers can test for differences in children's behaviour and development.
How do you govern people in a foreign land who speak unfamiliar languages, worship unfamiliar religions, and have unfamiliar political institutions? How do you achieve this task when the people you want to govern challenge the very government imposed upon them? Perhaps most perplexing, how do you respond to that resistance when you are committed to creating new freedoms for the very people who have fostered the resistance? Over more than two centuries of territorial expansion and superpower foreign policy, Americans have repeatedly asked themselves these same or similar questions. They have struggled to reconcile deeply held beliefs regarding the perceived evils of empire with the political reality of governing people and places throughout the world. In America's Struggle with Empire, historian Peter Kastor has carefully compiled and edited a unique document collection that explores how Americans have addressed these complex issues over time. Drawing from a wide range of primary sources, this fascinating new reference brings unparalleled focus to the history of U.S. attempts to govern foreign territories and noncitizens. With the help of introductory essays and explanatory headnotes, the volume examines how these encounters have been viewed by Americans, and how they have shaped the relationship between the United States and the rest of the world. The volume explores how a democratic republic that proclaims a commitment to personal and national independence has gone about governing foreign territory and foreign people. America's Struggle with Empire presents source material from executive orders, military plans, speeches, legislation, treaties, public debate, and popular culture that shed light on: early expansion territorial acquisition immigration policies the notion of imperialism development of foreign policy governing territories violent local resistance constitutional questions anti-Americanism As the debate over U.S. involvement in Iraq and Afghanistan continues, this documentary history meets the need for unbiased background on America's expansion and its engagement in the domestic affairs of foreign countries.
How is foreign policy in the United States really crafted? Who does the work? How are the various activites of the many key participants coordinated and controlled? In AmericaAEs Foreign Policy Toolkit: Key Institutions and Processes, Charles A. Stevenson identifies for students what the key foreign policy tools are, clarifies which tools are best for which tasks, describes the factors that constrain or push how theyAEre used, and provides fresh insight into the myriad challenges facing national security decisionmakers. Written in an engaging style with case examples drawn from obehind the scenes,oe Stevenson brings depth and dimension to the sophisticated pathways and instruments of American foreign policy, from the State Department to the intelligence agencies to the Commerce Department and beyond.aIn this brief text for American foreign policy and national security courses, Stevenson focuses on the institutions and processes of foreign policy, beginning with a look at the historical context and then looking in turn at the tools available to the president, congress, and the shared budgetary tools. The following part, oUsing the Tools,oe looks at the diplomatic, economic, military, intelligence, homeland security, and international institutions instruments. Stevenson concludes with chapters that consider the important constraints and limitation of the U.S. toolkit. Each chapter ends with a case study that allows readers to connect the theory of the toolkit with the realities of decisionmaking. Highlights of the textAEs coverage include: A sustained analysis of the U.S. Constitution as a response to security threats in the 1780s, providing a strong historical foundation on and springboard for discussion of this basic document in terms of national security powers; Comprehensive coverage of the congressional role overseeing all other policy instruments, showing Congress as an active player in all aspects of foreign policy; Analysis of the full spectrum of agencies and activities involved in foreign economic policy, covering the numerous organizations involved in foreign economic policy, the weak coordinating mechanisms, and the various processes (sanctions, trade, foreign assistance, direct investment) used as policy tools; A consistent framework for analyzing each instrument (authorities, capabilities, personnel, culture, internal factions, and the role of Congress), which makes comparative analyses of U.S. institutions simple and direct; An illuminating overview of the budget process through both the executive and legislative branches, acknowledging the budget process as a shared policy tool, with conflict and feedback, rather than as a linear process; A discussion of homeland security instruments and international organizations used as policy tools, highlighting the relevance of these new and often overlooked instruments; and A survey of recommendations for reform and the difficulties involved, providing possible explanations of foreign policy failures and alternative organizations and processes. This must-have text for courses on American foreign policy will be a crucial reference that students will keep on the shelf long after the last class.
Americans View Crime and Justice reports and analyses results from the June 1995 National Crime and Just ice Survey, a complete national assessment of attitudes abou t topics such as fear of crime, gun control, capital punishm ent and juvenile crime. '
Whether studying a particular time period, a general subject area, or a specific treaty or alliance, American Treaties and Alliances is the new one-stop resource. ''Organized both thematically and chronologically, and illustrated with maps and tables throughout, this reference helps students and researchers find the particular information they need, or explore whole issue areas, such as human rights and genocide, and the pertinent treaties throughout our history. Most useful to students researching foreign policy, the documents in American Treaties and Alliances are arranged by the following subjects: ''''Settlement, Union, Expansion, and Boundaries ''Wars and Military Alliances ''Diplomacy and International Organizations ''Trade, Commerce, and Transportation ''Human and Political Rights ''Science and Environment ''''
This text brings together a team of scholars from state and local government and politics to provide an array of viewpoints on the impact in the US of major institutional changes in the states and localities since the 1970s. The contributors discuss the status of state and local government practices and point out the challenges facing officials as they enter the next millennium. The book is aimed at upper-level undergraduates.
American Public Policy provides a comprehensive overview of the policy-making process from procedural approaches and policy instruments to in-depth analysis of specific policy issues. The Twelfth Edition covers new topics such as the COVID-19 pandemic, the rising costs of health care, and the rollback of environmental regulations under the Trump administration.
