Bringing together current theories on intercultural communication, this volume introduces some new theoretical developments. These diverse approaches offer guidance for investigating the complex phenomenon of intercultural communication. Part One provides an overview of the role of theory in intercultural communication research, Part Two includes theories on intercultural communication competence and adaptation, and Part Three focuses on specific contexts for intercultural communication such as health and small groups.
The organizational, social and psychological meanings of contracts, both written and unwritten, are the focus of this volume. The author addresses a number of important topics including contract making, interpretation of contracts, contract violations, strategies for changing contracts and contracts evolving from circumstances relevant to the 1990s. In addition, a thought-provoking discussion of how contracts are linked to an organization's strategy and its human resource practices is included. The book concludes with an assessment of societal trends that point to large scale changes in future employment contracts.
What is the nature of the relationships between family variables and children's successes in school? An examination of this question is the basis of this volume. Building on a model for evaluating the relationships between families, schools and children, the contributors analyze: how school achievement is influenced by parent-child interactions; how early adolescents are affected by the overlapping `spheres of influence' of school, family, community and peer group; and how family environment influences educational attainment. Other issues discussed include: education for children with learning difficulties; school truancy; and the effects of parental discord and divorce on children's learning. In conclusion, the book offers examples of prevention and intervention.
Using detailed case studies with statistical analysis In Search of Economic Success assesses comparatively the `market liberal' belief in free markets, limited government and the trade-off between economic efficiency and social justice. Kenworthy argues that the key to economic success lies in combining competition with cooperation. Among advanced industrialized nations, the countries achieving the best economic performance results over the past three decades have been the most committed to combining competition and cooperation. Those faring worst rely predominantly on atomistic, individualistic competition. In the end, the comparative record strongly supports a focus on cooperation-inducing institutions.
This exploration of marketing and consumer behaviour comprises original articles, both theoretical and empirical, and serves as a sourcebook for those interested in consumption and managerial consequences. Issues discussed include: elements of the marketing mix; advertising and promotion; relationship management; managerial intervention and stakeholder response; organization behaviour; economic development; class-and-gender-linked consumer behaviour; and the production of consumption. They are examined using anthropological perspectives and methods ranging from materialistic to semiotic.
This volume provides a thought-provoking and timely alternative to prevailing approaches to stress at work. These invariably present stress as a 'fact of modern life' and assume it is the individual who must take primary responsibility for his or her capacity - or incapacity - to cope. This book, by contrast, sets stress at work in the context of wider debates about emotion, subjectivity and power in organizations, viewing it as an emotional product of the social and political features of work and organizational life. Tim Newton analyzes the historical development of the dominant `stress discourse' in modern psychology and elsewhere. Drawing on a range of perspectives - from labour process theory to the work of Foucault and Elias - he explores other possible ways of understanding stress at work. He offers a cogent critique of the typical stress management interventions in organizations through which employees are supposed to increase their effectiveness and become `stress-fit'. With contributions from two colleagues, he explores various ways of `rewriting' stress at work. Together they emphasize the gendered nature of stress, the collective production and reproduction of stressful work experiences, and the relation of stress to issues of emotion management and control in organizations.
The diverse and emergent forms of relationships, increasingly evident in today's society, are the focus of this volume. Outstanding researchers discuss relationships that are often overlooked in the literature, including: lesbian and gay; cultural minority; long-lasting marriages; non-marital cohabitation; long-distance; friendships developed through computer networks; and work relationships which are simultaneously hierarchical and friendly.
This work focuses on issues of social movements and social class from the perspective of collective action, and discusses topics such as: middle-class radicalism; class; racism; urban politics; citizenship; education; and democracy. It asks questions such as: how integrative and expansive is collective action in the constitution of modern societies?; and how can we articulate issues of collective action, and social movement's practices and class action within this integrative understanding? The first part of this work reviews various analytical models and attempts to explain the modern foundations for collective action. Part two examines the close links between local power structures, spatial issues and the institutionalization of collective action. The final section looks at how social struggles penetrate political life, and reflects on considerations of culture and democracy.
The contributors to this book are all clinicians who have experienced working with people who have been severely sexually abused. In their quest to reduce human suffering, they have developed practical and effective methods of treatment, which they describe in this volume. Following a clear review of dynamically based theories which help in the understanding and treatment of adult survivors, topics discussed include survivors' sexual problems, such as compulsivity, and clients with special needs, such as survivors with personality disorders. Clinicians will find much of value in this practical volume.
