In 1566, Croatian Count Miklos Zrinyi defended the Fortress of Szigetvar against an overwhelming Ottoman siege for 33 days. In the end, with troops and supplies exhausted, he led the remainder of his men in a last charge into the enemy lines, killing thousands before being killed themselves. Almost a hundred years later in 1651, Zrinyi's great-grandson, also Miklos Zrinyi and himself a famed general, composed an epic poem of some 1,500 stanzas recalling in vivid and often fantastic detail the events of the siege, the heroes on both sides, and the climactic final sortie that led to defeat for the Hungarians and painfully empty victory for the Turks. The epic, written in the fashion of Homer and Tasso, does not content itself with just a historical retelling, however. Written when the Ottoman threat was again looming large over all of Europe, the poet sought to marshal his countrymen, and indeed all Christians, against the cause of the overwhelming forces from the East. He framed his story, therefore, in the larger context of God's burning anger against the apostasy of his followers, which he uses the Turkish invasion to punish. It is only with a return to piety that the Christians can restore God's favor, but if they do -- woe to their invaders! The hero, Zrinyi, is one such believer, who is as likely to give a moving speech on the righteousness and supremacy of God's will as he is to massacre those who would assault his home. God rewards him with a martyr's death, but not before giving him the glory of finishing off Sultan Suleiman himself, as the demons summoned by the Sultan's wizard battle the angels who have come to claim the defenders' souls. Part chronicle of war, part theological treatise, the poem also has episodes of romance and adventure, as each side is at once humanized and made larger than life. The work is today considered to be one of the cornerstones of Hungarian literature, and one of most important works of the seventeenth century of any language, but has been virtually unknown and entirely inaccessible outside of Hungary -- until now.
Laszlo Korossy completed his undergraduate and graduate degrees at the Catholic University of America and is pursuing a Ph.D. in public policy at the University of Maryland Baltimore County.
A delightfully readable English version of the Hungarian epic on the Turkish wars. Koroessy's rendering captures the cadences of the original. An excellent introduction by George Goemoeri places the poem both within the historical context of sixteenth- and seventeenth-century Hungary and the poetic tradition within which Zrinyi worked.--Eniko M. Basa, Executive Director, American Hungarian Educators Association
