The years between 1875 and 1910 saw a revolution in the economy of the Flathead Reservation, home to the Salish and Kootenai Indians. In 1875 the tribes had supported themselves through hunting-especially buffalo-and gathering. Thirty-five years later, cattle herds and farming were the foundation of their economy. Providing for the People tells the story of this transformation. Author Robert J. Bigart describes how the Salish and Kootenai tribes overcame daunting odds to maintain their independence and integrity through this dramatic transition-how, relying on their own initiatives and labor, they managed to adjust and adapt to a new political and economic order. Major changes in the Flathead Reservation economy were accompanied by the growing power of the Flathead Indian Agent. Tribal members neither sought nor desired the new order of things, but as Bigart makes clear, they never stopped fighting to maintain their economic independence and self-support. The tribes did not receive general rations and did not allow the government to take control of their food supply. Instead, most government aid was bartered in exchange for products used in running the agency. Providing for the People presents a deeply researched, finely detailed account of the economic and diplomatic strategies that distinguished the Flathead Reservation Indians at a time of overwhelming and complex challenges to Native American tribes and traditions.
Robert J. Bigart is Librarian Emeritus at Salish Kootenai College, Pablo, Montana. He is the author or editor of numerous publications, including A Pretty Village: Documents of Worship and Culture Change, St. Ignatius Mission, Montana, 1880-1889.
"Providing for the People is an informative book for anyone who has ever tried to follow the details of reservation economic life in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries."-- Native American and Indigenous Studies "Providing for the People has much to offer historians of the long nineteenth century, particularly those working at the intersection of Native and economic history... Overall, the strength of the book lies in its extensive and careful primary source research... Bigart should be commended for providing such a useful resource for future scholarship on Native and economic history. Each chapter marshals an impressive amount of detail on diverse economic activities on the reservation and the text is supplemented by several useful statistical tables and two appendices with biographies of the Flathead Reservation Chiefs and Indian Agents between 1875 and 1910."--American Nineteenth Century History "A worthy addition to twentieth-century Indian history."-- Montana the Magazine of Western History "Filled with fascinating persons and details, Providing for the People reveals a reservation world, largely unknown and unappreciated, that is remarkably human and complicated in its Native resourcefulness." --William Farr, author of Blackfoot Redemption: A Blood Indian's Story of Murder, Confinement, and Imperfect Justice.
